Egypt consists almost totally of desert, which can be divided in three different regions;

West of the Nile Valley is the Western or Libyan Desert, which is the eastern part of the Sahara. Here one can find the Great Sand Sea, the largest dune area in the world.

The Eastern or Arabian Desert covers the land between the Nile Valley and the Red See. In the south it turns into the Nubian Desert. Parallel to the coast is the Red Sea Mountain Range, with heights of more than 1500 meter.

The Sinai Peninsula is separated from the Eastern Desert and the Nile Delta by the Suez Canal and the Gulf of Suez. The drift of the continental plates created this spectacular mountain area about 50 million years ago.